US posts large budget surplus

WASHINGTONNAMPA/ REUTERS The United States (US) government posted an unexpectedly large budget surplus in June, a further sign of the rapid improvement in public finances that has taken the heat off Congress to find savings and raise the nation's borrowing limit. Rising tax revenue, public spending cuts and big payments to the Treasury from government-backed mortgage companies helped the government take in US$117 billion (N$1,8 trillion) more last month than it paid out, the US Treasury said last week. Analysts polled by Reuters had expected a surplus of US$39,5 billion (N$395 billion). June's surplus was the largest on record for that month. While the government is still US$510 billion (N$5,1 trillion) in the red with three months to go in the fiscal year, June's big surplus will buy it time before it runs up against the limit on borrowing set by Congress. Analysts expect the Treasury to hit the debt ceiling by early November. The surplus in June also highlighted how much an improving economy and existing legislation have helped improve the fiscal outlook. That has made overhauling public pension and healthcare systems a little less pressing. Rising incomes and tax increases enacted earlier in the year helped cause government receipts to rise to US$287 billion in June, up 10% from a year earlier. While economic growth has been lacklustre in the first half of 2013, job growth has been more steady. In June, 195 000 jobs were added to the nation's nonfarm payrolls. Across-the-board budget cuts that began in March also contributed to the surplus. Gross outlays at the department of defence and for military programmes, for example, are down about 7% in the fiscal year to date from the same period a year earlier. The current fiscal year began in October 2012. Government-backed mortgage companies Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, which were bailed out by taxpayers during the financial crisis but have since returned to profitability, also helped drive June's surplus by pouring billions of dollars into public coffers. Fannie Mae, which said in May it would return US$59 billion (N$590 billion) to the Treasury in quarterly dividends, provided most of the funds. The big dividend payment reflected an extraordinary gain from the reversal of a tax-related writedown.