Over production of mangoes in Zimbabwe

Lungelo Ndhlovu

Before agronomist Peter Sena retired, he planted a variety of mango trees on his rural homestead in Zimbabwe's Midlands province, aiming to ensure an ongoing income for his family.

This year, an unusually wet rainy season combined with coronavirus restrictions that closed down most of the markets in the country threatened to leave him with a bumper mango harvest and nobody to sell it to.

But a new dried fruit processing centre, which opened in the nearby town of Gokwe in November last year, means Sena can save his mangoes from spoiling and turn them into a product that can be shipped to buyers around the country and abroad.

"The only market for mangoes was Bulawayo, so most farmers could not afford to go and sell their mangoes there," Sena told the Thomson Reuters.

But "with this processing centre, people can get money", he said, as he examined still-ripening mangoes in his orchard in the village of Ganye, outside Gokwe.

Developed by German aid group Welthungerhilfe (WHH), the processing plant was set up to help mango farmers deal with the glut they sometimes face at the end of each season, said Vernon Mushoriwa, general manager at the Agricultural Business Centre (ABC), the social enterprise that runs the plant.

Gokwe South was once known as a cotton-growing region, but over the past decade increasingly erratic weather, low cotton prices and inflation have pushed many farmers to look for alternative fast-growing cash crops, Mushoriwa said.

Mangoes grow well in Zimbabwe's abundant sunshine and WHH's research suggested there was demand in the country and abroad for dried mango products, he added.

Run with support from Empretec Zimbabwe, a capacity-building programme of the United Nations' trade agency UNCTAD, and funding from the European Union, the ABC also processes sunflowers seeds into oil and peanuts into peanut butter.

Less Waste

It serves more than 3 400 farmers around Gokwe South, though Mushoriwa said the aim is to set up more community-based processing centres in other parts of the country over the next few years.

To dry the mangoes, workers lay pieces on racks put outside in the sunshine, under netting to keep the flies away.

Even if clouds slow the drying process and the sliced mangoes start to darken, they still do not go to waste, said supervisor Gardener Gonde.

"We then sell them at a lower price, because they still taste the same," he said.

Rodney Mushongachiware, a market access advisor for the Zimbabwe Resilience Building Fund, said drying can help Gokwe's small-scale mango growers avoid waste from the large yields they produce in November and December every year.

At harvest time, farmers earn only about US$1 for a bucket of fresh mangoes because there is so much of the fruit available, Gonde said. In comparison, 50 grams of dried mangoes fetches up to four times as much.

Growing mangoes also can help protect farmers against the economic impacts of climate change, as the trees often provide an income even if their other crops are affected by dry spells or flooding, agricultural experts say.

Thomas Heyland, who leads the project at WHH, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation the processing operation is part of a broader initiative to boost agricultural productivity and encourage entrepreneurship among young people in Gokwe. - Nampa/Reuters